Navigating the world of autism therapies can feel overwhelming—I see it every day with the families I work with. You start researching options, and suddenly, you’re swimming in acronyms and approaches, each promising results. 

Among the most talked about are Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) and Verbal Behavior (VB) therapy. Both are powerful tools, but they serve different purposes depending on your child’s needs.

In this article, I want to walk you through what makes ABA and VB therapy unique, how they overlap, and how to decide which one—or even a blend of both—might be best for your child.

Understanding ABA Therapy

As someone who works in this field every day, I can confidently say that ABA therapy is one of the most widely recognized and effective interventions for autism. Rooted in the science of behavior, ABA looks at why behaviors occur and how we can use the environment to shape more positive outcomes.

I often describe ABA as a toolbox—customized strategies based on each individual’s needs. Whether we’re teaching basic communication, self-care routines, or helping reduce challenging behaviors, ABA is all about improving independence and quality of life.

Key Principles and Techniques Used in ABA

What I love about ABA is that it's never a one-size-fits-all model. Everything is individualized and based on ongoing data collection. That means we’re always adjusting strategies to make sure they’re working.

At the heart of ABA is positive reinforcement. For example, when a child uses a picture card to ask for juice instead of crying, we immediately reinforce that communication—maybe with praise or a favorite toy—so they’re more likely to do it again. That’s how real, lasting change happens.

Some of the most common techniques I use include:

• Discrete Trial Training (DTT) – breaking skills into small, teachable steps.
  
  
  

• Natural Environment Teaching (NET) – embedding learning into play and daily routines.
  
  
  

The variety keeps learning fun and functional.

The Role of ABA in Behavioral Development

One of the things I always recommend to families is starting early. ABA is incredibly effective when we begin intervention before age four. The earlier we start, the more we can tap into the brain’s natural ability to adapt and learn.

But ABA isn’t just for young kids. I’ve worked with teens and even adults who’ve made amazing strides—gaining independence, improving social skills, and learning to manage their own behaviors more effectively. The beauty of ABA is that it grows with the individual.

Exploring Verbal Behavior (VB) Therapy

Now let’s talk about Verbal Behavior therapy—a close cousin of ABA that zeroes in on language and communication. VB therapy is based on B.F. Skinner’s analysis of verbal behavior, and if you’re new to that term, don’t worry. What it really means is that we teach communication by focusing on the function of language.

Instead of just teaching words for the sake of it, VB helps learners understand why we use words—to ask, to label, to answer, to interact.

Fundamental Concepts Behind VB Therapy

Here’s an example I often share: Imagine a child says “water.” That could mean a lot of things. Are they labeling it? Asking for it? Commenting on it? In VB therapy, we teach the child that saying “water” can actually help them get the water if that’s their intent. That’s called a mand—a request.

By breaking down language into different types (we call them verbal operants), we can teach communication in a way that makes sense to the learner. And for kids who are non-verbal or have limited speech, this can be a game-changer.

VB Therapy Techniques and Their Implementation

VB therapy often uses strategies like:

• Errorless learning – guiding the learner to the right response and fading help over time.
  
  
  

• Motivational-based reinforcement – using the child’s favorite toys, snacks, or activities to encourage communication.
  
  
  

A big focus is on mand training, tact training (labeling), and intraverbal training (responding to conversation or questions). When we keep therapy engaging and centered around what the child cares about, their motivation to communicate naturally increases.

Comparing ABA and VB Therapy

Even though VB therapy falls under the umbrella of ABA, they differ in focus. ABA therapy takes a broader approach, targeting a wide range of behaviors including self-help skills, social skills, and yes, communication. VB therapy, on the other hand, is laser-focused on language development.

In many of the programs I’ve developed, we actually blend both approaches. For some learners, it makes sense to target language intensively through VB strategies while still using ABA techniques to build independence and reduce problem behaviors.

Differences in Approach and Methodology

Both therapies share a strong foundation in data-driven strategies and behavior science. But how we apply those principles can vary:

• ABA therapy might use DTT and NET across many domains—communication, play, hygiene, etc.
  
  
  

• VB therapy specifically emphasizes verbal operants like mands, tacts, and intraverbals to build functional language.
  
  
  

The choice really depends on the individual's current skills and what you’re hoping to achieve through therapy.

Case Studies Showcasing the Effectiveness of Each Therapy

I’ve seen incredible results using both ABA and VB therapy. Research backs this up, too. Numerous studies show these interventions can improve communication, reduce challenging behaviors, and help children become more independent.

Here’s a simple breakdown:

These are just small snapshots of the progress we see with the right supports in place.

Practical Advice on Choosing Between ABA and VB

If you’re wondering which path to take—ABA, VB, or a mix—I always recommend starting with a comprehensive assessment. That helps us understand where the individual is at, and what supports will be most helpful.

Think about the following:

Factors to Consider When Selecting a Therapy

• Current skills and challenges: Is communication the main concern, or are daily living skills also an issue?
  
  
  

• Family preferences and values: Do you prefer structured teaching or learning through play and routines?
  
  
  

• Time and resources: Can your family commit to intensive sessions, or would a flexible schedule be more realistic?
  
  
  

Most importantly, work with a therapist who respects your input, listens to your concerns, and truly understands your child’s potential.

Recommendations for Different Behavioral Needs

Here’s what I typically suggest, based on different goals:

• For communication delays: Start with VB therapy. The focus on verbal operants is especially helpful for non-verbal learners or those with limited speech.
  
  
  

• For social skill deficits: ABA therapy offers broader tools, including social groups and peer play activities.
  
  
  

• For daily living skills: ABA is great for breaking down complex tasks like brushing teeth, dressing, and meal prep using step-by-step strategies.
  
  
  

Remember—these aren’t rigid categories. Many programs integrate both ABA and VB techniques for a well-rounded approach.

Conclusion

Understanding the differences between ABA therapy and VB therapy is key to making an informed decision for your child or loved one. In my experience, both approaches can lead to meaningful progress when tailored to the individual’s needs.

While ABA gives us a big-picture behavioral framework, VB therapy gives us the tools to unlock functional language. Sometimes one works better than the other, and sometimes a blend of both creates the perfect balance.

So take your time, talk with professionals, and remember—you’re not alone in this. With the right support, you can build a plan that truly helps your child grow and thrive.

Ready to discover which therapy works best for your child? At Blossom ABA Therapy, we create customized, evidence-based ABA therapy programs to meet your child exactly where they are. 

Let’s work together to help your child grow, communicate, and thrive—reach out to our caring team today and schedule a free consultation.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the main benefits of ABA therapy over VB?

ABA therapy takes a more holistic approach, addressing everything from communication to self-care and social skills. It’s ideal if your child needs support in multiple areas—not just language.

Can VB therapy be used on its own?

Yes! Especially if language is the primary concern. VB can be incredibly effective for children who are non-verbal or just beginning to communicate.

Is it possible to combine ABA and VB?

Absolutely. In fact, I often recommend a blended approach, especially for kids with both behavioral and communication challenges.

Sources:

• https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3359847/

• https://www.bfskinner.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/2014_05_P_003.pdf

• https://www.autismspeaks.org/verbal-behavior-therapy

• https://online.regiscollege.edu/blog/aba-therapy-examples/

• https://asatonline.org/research-treatment/clinical-corner/what-is-vb-verbal-behavior-is-it-different-from-aba-and-does-my-child-need-it-to-learn-language/